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PDOC00412
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1995-07-26
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* DNA polymerase family A signature *
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Replicative DNA polymerases (EC 2.7.7.7) are the key enzymes catalyzing the
accurate replication of DNA. They require either a small RNA molecule or a
protein as a primer for the de novo synthesis of a DNA chain. On the basis of
sequence similarities a number of DNA polymerases have been grouped together
[1,2,3] under the designation of DNA polymerase family A. The polymerases that
belong to this family are listed below.
- Escherichia coli, Bacillus caldotenax and Streptococcus pneumoniae
polymerase I (gene polA).
- Thermus aquaticus Taq polymerase.
- Bacteriophage sp01 polymerase.
- Bacteriophage sp02 polymerase.
- Bacteriophage T5 polymerase.
- Bacteriophage T7 polymerase.
- Mycobacteriophage L5 polymerase.
- Yeast mitochondrial polymerase gamma (gene MIP1).
Five regions of similarity are found in all the above polymerases. One of
these conserved regions, known as 'motif B' [1], is located in a domain which,
in Escherichia coli polA, has been shown to bind deoxynucleotide triphosphate
substrates; it contains a conserved tyrosine which has been shown, by photo-
affinity labelling, to be in the active site; a conserved lysine, also part of
this motif, can be chemically labelled, using pyridoxal phosphate. We use this
conserved region as a signature for this family of DNA polymerases.
-Consensus pattern: R-x(2)-[GSA]-K-x(3)-[LIVMFY]-[AGQ]-x(2)-Y-x(2)-[GS]-x(3)-
[LIVMA]
-Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
-Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-Last update: June 1994 / Pattern and text revised.
[ 1] Delarue M., Poch O., Todro N., Moras D., Argos P.
Protein Eng. 3:461-467(1990).
[ 2] Ito J., Braithwaite D.K.
Nucleic Acids Res. 19:4045-4057(1991).
[ 3] Braithwaite D.K., Ito J.
Nucleic Acids Res. 21:787-802(1993).